THE CORE

Fruits & Votes is the Web-log of Matthew S. Shugart ("MSS"), Professor of Political Science, University of California, Davis.

Perspectives on electoral systems, constitutional design, and policy around the world, based primarily on my research interests.

Also experiences with growing many varieties of fruit (always organic) and other personal interests. Please see the Mission Statement for more. (There is also an explanation of the banner.)

Other "planters" have been invited to contribute. Please check the "Planted by" line to see the author of the post you are reading.

Join the conversation. Comments are always open. Except, that is, when Word Press mysteriously shuts them down, which happens with distressing frequency.

Core principles:

Henry Droop on the "moderate non-partisan section"

Madison on "dangers from abroad" and "the fetters... on liberty"

The Head Orchardist's other sites:

PRESERVED FRUIT
orchard blocks
  • All
  • FRUITS
  • VOTES
  • wide open spaces
  • 28 September 2010

    Planted by MSS
    Planted in: Canada; N.B.; Plurality

    The eastern Canadian province of Canada has a history of anomalous results from its FPTP electoral system. Yet, despite the province’s record (of which I have written before–click “N.B.” above), a referendum planned on an MMP system was canceled three years ago–just after a spurious alternation! (In 2006, the incumbent Conservatives won a plurality of the vote, but the opposition Liberals won a majority of seats.)

    In this year’s vote, the Conservatives won the vote by a wide margin, 48.9% to 34.4%. This translated into over three quarters of the seats for the plurality party. Meanwhile, the NDP won over 10% and the Greens 4.5%, but neither of these parties won a seat.

    Yes, New Brunswick needs electoral reform. But that’s not news.

    Propagation: Seeds & scions (5)


    5 ideas sprouting »

    1. Further evidence of regionalism in Canada, even in little New Brunswick. The northeast half is francophone or bilingual and tends to vote Liberal; the southwest half is anglophone and tends to vote Conservative. For this reason the Commission on Legislative Democracy recommended a regional MMP model with four regions, each with nine local MLAs and five regional. This 14-MLA middle-sized region is a classic number (16 in Scotland, 12 in Wales) which works very well for the federal level in Canada too.

      In this week’s election the southwest half (including the cities of Saint John and Fredericton) elected precisely one Liberal, from rural Charlotte-The Isles, while the northeast half elected 12. The Commission’s MMP model on those votes would have given Saint John, Fredericton et al a healthy (if you like parliamentary democracy) number of opposition MLAs: five more Liberals, while the whole province would have had five New Democrats (from all four regions) and three Greens.

      Of coure, that’s just the partisan viewpoint. For voters, the real advantage would be after the election, when voters would have competing MLAs, and could go to their local MLA or one of their diverse regional MLAs.

      Seed planted by Wilf Day — 29 September 2010 @ 03:33

    2. Going back through past New Brunswick election results on Wikipedia, I came up with this gem:

      1952 election

      Liberals -49.2% of the vote and 16 seats

      Conservatives -48.3% of the vote and 36 (!) seats

      I was going to argue otherwise, but there does seem to be something peculiar about New Brunswick. But if they weren’t going to change the electoral system after 1952, I’m not sure when they will change it.

      Arguably this result wasn’t even that bad, just that the 14% margin for the Conservatives over the Liberals doesn’t justify almost four fifths of the seats. But the 10% NDP vote wouldn’t usually win them seats with single member districts, and not even in some proportional systems with high thresholds.

      Seed planted by Ed — 29 September 2010 @ 16:59

    3. To correct a typo: The Commission’s MMP model on those votes would have resulted in five more Liberals, while the whole province would have had six New Democrats (from all four regions) and three Greens.

      A footnote on diversity: in the Commission’s Southeast region the NDP would get two seats, and their strongest candidate Monday was an aboriginal woman Susan Levi-Peters, former chief of the Elsipogtog First Nation.

      Seed planted by Wilf Day — 29 September 2010 @ 22:38

    4. Ed, until the 1970s the MLAs were elected from counties and some cities, each returning 2-5 members in 1952, and this would have amplified the distortions. The distortions probably emerge so often because of the regional division mentioned by Wilf.

      Seed planted by Espen Bjerke — 02 October 2010 @ 10:17

    5. One of the ironies of North American electoral reform is that MNTV was historically so common – until recently – that many reformers have seen single-member districts as an improvement in the direction of proportionality. “Five votes for five seats” is so obviously bad that it has been almost universally abandoned for legislative elections (ie, it survives only for local councils, a few State legislatures, and the US Electoral College). “One vote only” (or, more accurately, the right to fully cumulate all of your voting points on as few as one or two candidates if needed, without sacrificing any of your voting points by “bulleting/ plumping” as under MNTV or Approval) is a vast improvement… “one seat only” is at best only a very minor improvement.

      Seed planted by Tom Round — 02 October 2010 @ 21:24

    RSS feed for comments on this post.

    TrackBacks

    To graft a scion to this planting, please use the following URL:
    http://fruitsandvotes.com/blog/wp-trackback.php?p=4314
    (Non-MT bloggers click here to send pings.)

    Grafted scions that are not compatible with this planting's stock will die or be pruned out by the Orchardist.

    About the comment form

    Please note that the name you enter below and the first several words of your comment will appear on the right sidebar of the blog's front page, under "Propagation." New propagators might want to look at the comment policy.

    Please do not enter long URLs into the seedbed. Either mark them up using html hyperlinks or convert them to a "tiny URL." Thank you!

    Seedbed

    The soil is ready for planting:

    `

    FRUIT FEEDS
    PROPAGATION
    Recent comments.

  • BC election 2013 (8)
    • Chris: The federal Liberal party hate the Conservatives more than they hate the NDP. They think Trudeau fil will get them a majority government,...
    • Ed: Its been explained to me that BC politics seems complicated, but is actually pretty simple: everyone gangs up against the NDP, but the...
    • MSS: I am struck by the degree of malapportionmen t in BC. For instance, the Peace River South winner’s 46.4% was only 3,904 votes, whereas...
    • MSS: The Green Party won the Oak Bay-Gordon Head seat, with 40.1%. It was not close, with incumbent Liberal Ida Chong having only 29.7% and the NDP...
    • MSS: I guess this is why they still have actual elections with actual voters casting actual ballots! How could the pollsters be so wrong?
    • Vasi: Well that was surprising! Once again, the polls in a Canadian election were off, and the incumbents do much better than expected.
    • Tom Round: BC: where a 39% sub-plurality is enough to elect a government for five years (absolute majority of seats, no upper house) but a 57%...
    • JD: Oh, how different (and more interesting) things would have been had STV been approved…
  • Does STV have anything to do with absence of “free votes” in Ireland? (10)
    • JD: Tom, I’m not sure I understand why primaries the secret ballot. Alan, how is that different from a (closed) primary?
    • Alan: I’m not a fan of primaries, for the reasons Tom states. I am a fan of requiring parties to nominate candidates by a ballot of all party...
    • Tom Round: It would indeed be ironic if one reason discouraging parties from allowing free votes was an electoral system that could enable voters...
    • MSS: And, yes, the larger irish parties do publish recommended rankings, and rotate them in different areas of the constituency. (The small parties...
    • MSS: Very interesting on Japan. Doug, yes, of course it depends on party organization and, in particular, how they select candidates and run...
  • Final MMP Review report is out (11)
    • Suaprazzodi: Perhaps they should put the amended version of MMP to a referendum. They should ask questions like do you want the list percentage...
  • CROSS-POLLINATION

    FRUITS

    morn_blms_corralito.jpg

    The Fruit Blog (Fruit & fruit breeding)
    Daley's Fruit Tree Blog
    Orchards Forever
    The Orchard Keeper
    The Ethicurean
    The Jew and the Carrot
    Small farms ("real people & real food")
    Life begins at 30 (Farmers markets, etc.)
    Banana
    Festival of Trees
    Rare Fruit News Online
    Cloudforest Cafe


    VOTES

    bulgaria_protest copy

    Comparative democracy

    Psephos (Adam Carr's data archive)
    Electoral Panorama
    World Elections
    African Elections Database
    M. Herrera's Electoral Calendar
    Electoral Geography (Data archive)
    Michael Gallagher's data archive
    Election Finance (Blog, data archive)
    IFES
    Election Law (Rick Hasen)
    VoteLaw (Edward Still)
    Ballot Access News

    Electoral and Political Reform

    The FairVote Blog (US)
    Make my vote count (UK)
    Wilf Day (Canada)
    democraticSPACE (Canada)
    Citizens Assembly Blog (dormant)


    POLITOLOGY

    Blogs of political analysis

    PoliBlog
    Arms and Influence (dormant)
    Outside the Beltway
    Political Science Weblog (abstracts)
    Ideological Cartography (Adam Bonica)
    Frontloading HQ (Josh Putnam)
    FiveThirtyEight
    Vote View (Keith Poole)
    The Monkey Cage
    A Plain Blog About Politics (Jonathan Bernstein)
    Political Arithmetik (dormant)
    Polls & Votes
    Pollster.com
    Polysigh
    Reflective Pundit
    Rustbelt Intellectual
    Simon Jackman
    The semi-presidential one
    Josep Colomer
    Chapel Hill Treehouse (dormant)
    Political Behavior (dormant)
    Dart-Throwing Chimp
    Countries at the Crossroads (Freedom House blog)
    Jacob T. Levy

    REGIONAL ANALYSIS

    Canada

    The Mace
    ThreeHundredEight
    Crawl Across the Ocean
    Idealistic Pragmatist

    Europe

    Centre for European Politics
    Dr Sean's Diary
    A Fistful of Euros
    Political Reform (Ireland)
    UK Polling Report
    British Politics & Policy (LSE)

    Latin America

    Bloggings by boz
    Two Weeks Notice

    S.W. Asia & E. Mediterranean & N. Africa

    Informed Comment Global Affairs
    Lisa Goldman
    Michael J. Totten
    Yaacov Lozowick
    Marc Lynch (@FP)
    Ahwa Talk

    Africa

    La Constitution en Afrique

    E. Asia

    Frozen Garlic (Taiwan elections)

    New Zealand

    Kiwiblog
    No Right Turn

    OTHER SOCIAL SCIENCE BLOGS

    Crooked Timber
    Statistical Modeling
    Social Science Statistics
    Cold Spring Shops
    Marginal Revolution
    Brad DeLong
    Greg Mankiw

    SUN & MOON

    CURRENT MOON

    NEWS

    ABC

    BBC

    CBC

    Democracy Now!

    Deutsche Welle

    El Tiempo

    Guardian

    Haaretz

    Hindustan Times

    The Independent

    Irish Times

    NZ Stuff

    RFE/RL

    ORGANIZATIONS

    About/disclaimer

    California Rare Fruit Growers

    Center for Voting and Democracy

    Californians for Electoral Reform

    Society for American Baseball Research

    Link TV

    SCION EXCHANGE

    HARVESTS
    ORCHARD SERVICES

    Powered by WordPress